Sanjay Sonawani
World Parliament of Religions Chicago 1893
The inaugural World Parliament of Religions convened in Chicago in 1893 marked the inception of a significant global religio-cultural movement of the 19th century. Esteemed scholars from diverse faiths worldwide were convened to deliberate on principles aimed at alleviating ignorance, misunderstanding, arrogance, and disdain towards other religions, fostering universal brotherhood among humankind.
Among the attendees, Barrister Virchand Gandhi, a distinguished Jain scholar, was invited to represent Jainism at this historic gathering.
Despite the noble intentions of the Parliament, some speakers seized the opportunity to critique Hinduism. Swami Vivekananda had already delivered his address when Barrister Virchand Gandhi took the podium on September 25, 1893. Rather than immediately delving into Jainism, Gandhi first addressed scholarly criticisms of Hinduism. His eloquence and insight earned resounding applause, leaving critics disconcerted.
Reverend John Barrows, the Parliament’s organizer, acknowledged Gandhi’s remarkable contribution in steering the event back to its intended purpose of promoting mutual respect among religions. Barrows praised Gandhi’s profound humanistic wisdom for recentering the Parliament on its original mission.
Impressed by Gandhi’s speech, Barrows published it alongside an introduction. Gandhi was subsequently invited to reprise his speech at the Parliament’s closing ceremony, further cementing its impact. The fervor generated by Gandhi’s impassioned advocacy led to numerous speaking engagements across America.
Virchand Raghavaji Gandhi
Despite his youth—only 29 at the time of his address—Gandhi’s erudition was exceptional. Born on August 25, 1864, in Mahua village, Gujarat, he was the first Jain barrister. Fluent in fourteen languages, Gandhi meticulously studied Jainism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and other religious and philosophical traditions at their source.
Gandhi’s pluralistic philosophy, rooted in Jain principles, facilitated his empathetic yet critical examination of other faiths. His advocacy extended beyond Jainism; he ardently defended Hinduism, earning the friendship of Swami Vivekananda and influencing Mahatma Gandhi. This universal humanistic approach significantly advanced the Parliament’s objectives, leading to the erection of his statue in Chicago.
Gandhi’s lectures in America spurred interest in Jainism, inspiring conversions and scholarly works. His fascination with Jesus Christ’s life led him to explore ancient manuscripts suggesting Christ’s possible journey to India. He meticulously examined the intersections of Jainism and Christianity, igniting fervent discussions and scholarly debates.
Beyond religious discourse, Gandhi championed women’s education and participated in India’s freedom movement. His legacy endures through his writings, activism, and philosophical contributions.
Despite his untimely death at 37, Gandhi’s influence remains palpable, evidenced by the widespread acclaim of theatrical productions depicting his life and philosophy, such as “Gandhi Before Gandhi.”
*Sanjay Sonawani is a scholar and author who writes on several topics.
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Really worth reading this article by a scholar like Sanjay Sonawani sir… very interesting and informative. We have never read about this Gandhi before Gandhi in regular history. Sanjay sir, very nice write up and you have given very much information about Barrister Virachand Gandhi. Thank you so much for publishing this.